ABSTRACT
The effect of oxidative stress in the form of exogenous H2O2 on the survival of four species of Shigella and two nonpathogenic Gram negative gut bacteria and the role of catalase as an antioxidant enzyme, neutralizing the effect of H2O2 were examined. A significant decrease in the number of colony forming units (CFUs) after exposure to exogenous H2O2 (122 +/- 37), compared to control bacteria (218 +/- 63, P < 0.001) was observed. There was an induction of catalase activity after exposure to exogenous H2O2 and the specific activity of catalase in H2O2 exposed bacteria was significantly increased (2.88 +/- 1.25), compared to control bacteria (1.5 +/- 0.44; P < 0.05). A direct correlation was observed between the decrease in bacterial counts and increase in catalase activity after exposure of H2O2 (regression coefficient (0.56). Gut bacteria appear to be susceptible to oxidative stress and inducible catalase activity may form an important part of the antioxidant defence mechanism against oxidative stress.